The Year One: Art of the Ancient World East and West. Exhibition catalogue. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, See on MetPublications. Additional Essays by Department of Asian Art. Department of Asian Art. “Traditional Chinese Painting in the Twentieth Century.” (October ) Department of Asian Art Chinese Art Essay Chinese Art And Confucianism. For thousands of years, the use of art through paintings, drawings, pictures, photographs The Chinese Martial Arts Film. Most Martial arts films in China generally tend to foreground issues of gender. In Comparing Chinese Imagery And Art. As Ancient Chinese Art – Essay Sample Through out the ancient Chinese history which is divided into periods by technology and the ruling dynasties, the Chinese have developed an extremely diverse collection of art work; art work from this region predating the era when history writing began has been found by archeologists
Chinese Painting | Essay | The Metropolitan Museum of Art | Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History
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Maxwell Hearn Department of Asian Art, ancient chinese art essay, The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Consider Night-Shining White by Han Gan Originally little more than a foot square, it is now mounted as a handscroll that is twenty feet long as a result of the myriad inscriptions and seals marks of ownership that have been added over the centuries, some directly on the painted surface, ancient chinese art essay, so that the horse is all but overwhelmed by this enthusiastic display of appreciation.
This is the aim of the traditional Chinese painter: to capture not only the outer appearance of a subject but its inner essence as well—its energy, life force, spirit. To accomplish his goal, the Chinese painter more often than not rejected the use of color. Like the photographer who prefers to work in black and white, the Chinese artist regarded color as distraction.
He also rejected the changeable qualities of light and shadow as a means of modeling, along with opaque pigments to conceal mistakes.
Instead, he relied on line—the indelible mark of the inked brush. The discipline that this kind of mastery requires derives from the practice of calligraphy. Traditionally, every literate person in China learned as a child to write by copying the standard forms of Chinese ideographs. The student was gradually exposed to different stylistic interpretations of these characters.
He was also exposed to the way in which the forms of the ideographs had evolved: their earliest appearance on bronzesstones, and bones about B. Over time, the practitioner ancient chinese art essay his own personal style, one that was a distillation and reinterpretation of earlier models. The practice of calligraphy became high art with the innovations of Wang Xizhi in the fourth century. By the eleventh century, a good hand was one criterion—together with a command of history and literary style—that determined who was recruited into the government through civil service examinations.
It was their command of history ancient chinese art essay its precedents that enabled them to influence current events. It was their interpretations of the past that established the strictures by which an emperor might be constrained. And it was their poetry, diaries, and commentaries that constituted the accounts by which a ruler would one day be judged. These were the men who covered Night-Shining White with inscriptions and seals. Their knowledge of art enabled them to determine that the image was a portrait of an imperial stallion by a master of the eighth century, ancient chinese art essay.
And they understood the poignancy of the image. Night-Shining White was the favorite steed of an emperor who led his dynasty to the height of its glory but who, tethered by his infatuation with a concubine, neglected his charge and eventually lost his throne. This is undoubtedly how the retired scholar-official Zhao Mengfu intended his image of a stallion, painted years later Expertise in judging fine horses had long been a metaphor for the ability to recognize men of talent. When an emperor neglected the advice of his officials, was unjust or immoral, scholar-officials not infrequently resigned from government ancient chinese art essay chose to live in retirement.
Such an action had long been understood as a withdrawal of support, a kind of silent protest in circumstances deemed intolerable.
Times of dynastic change were especially fraught, and loyalists of a fallen dynasty usually refused service under a new regime Scholar-officials were at times also forced out of office, banished as a result of factionalism among those in power. In such cases, the alienated individual might turn to art to express his beliefs. But even when concealed in symbolic language, beliefs could incite ancient chinese art essay the eleventh-century official Su Shi, for example, was nearly ancient chinese art essay to death for writing poems that were deemed seditious.
As a result, ancient chinese art essay, these men honed their skills in the art of indirection. In their hands, the transcription of a historical text could be transformed into a strident protest against factional politics, illustrations to a Confucian classic became a stinging indictment of sanctimonious or irresponsible behavior Because of their highly personal nature, such works were almost always dedicated to a close friend or kindred spirit and would have been viewed only by a select circle of like-minded individuals.
But since these men acted as both policy makers and the moral conscience of society, ancient chinese art essay, their art was highly influential. Scholar-official painters most often worked in ink on paper and chose subjects— bamboo, old trees, rocks —that could be drawn using the same kind of disciplined brush skills required for calligraphy.
This immediately distinguished their art from the colorful, illusionistic style of painting preferred by court artists and professionals, ancient chinese art essay.
Proud of their status as amateurs, they created a new, distinctly personal form of painting in which expressive calligraphic brush lines were the chief means employed to animate their subjects. Another distinguishing feature of what came to be known as scholar-amateur painting is its learned references to the past.
The choice of a particular antique style immediately linked a work to the personality and ideals of an earlier painter or calligrapher. Zhao Mengfu epitomized the new artistic paradigm of the scholar-amateur. A scholar-official by training, he was also a brilliant calligrapher Zhao was a consummate scholar, and his choice of subject and painting style was carefully considered.
Because the pine tree remains green through the winter, it is a symbol of survival. Because its outstretched boughs offer protection to the lesser trees of the forest, it is an emblem of the princely gentleman. For recluse artists of the tenth century, the pine had signified ancient chinese art essay moral character of the virtuous man. His painting may be read as a double portrait—a depiction of himself and also of the person to whom it was dedicated.
Since scholar-artists employed symbolism, style, and calligraphic brushwork to express their beliefs and feelings, they left the craft of formal portraiture to professional artisans. In such paintings, poetic and pictorial imagery and energized calligraphic lines work in tandem to express the mind and emotions of the artist Most such inscriptions take the form of colophons ancient chinese art essay on the borders of a painting or on the endpapers of a handscroll or album; others might be added directly on to the painting, ancient chinese art essay.
In this way, Night-Shining White As the arbiters of history and aesthetic values, scholars had an immense impact on taste. Even emperors came to embrace scholarly ideals. Although some became talented calligraphers and painters Both the court professional and the scholar-amateur made use of symbolism, but often to very different ends. The key distinction between scholar-amateur and professional painting is in the realization of the image: through calligraphically abbreviated monochrome drawing on paper or through the highly illusionistic use of mineral pigments on silk.
Amateur and professional alike shared a reverence for the past. Artists would manipulate antique styles But the weight of past precedents was also a heavy burden that could make painters acutely self-conscious, ancient chinese art essay.
At other timesa knowledge of past models made them keenly aware of the illusionistic ancient chinese art essay of art, the capacity to mimic reality An intimate experience, it is one that has been shared and repeated over the centuries. And it is through such readings, enjoyed alone or in the company ancient chinese art essay friends, that meaning is gradually revealed. Hearn, Maxwell. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, —.
htm June Andrews, Julia F. A Century in Crisis: Modernity and Tradition in the Art of Twentieth-Century China. New York: Guggenheim Museum, Barnhart, Richard M. Three Thousand Years of Chinese Painting. New Haven and Beijing: Yale University Press and Foreign Languages Press, Harrist, Robert E.
The Embodied Image: Chinese Calligraphy from the John B. Elliott Collection. Princeton: Art Museum, Princeton University, Hearn, Maxwell K, ancient chinese art essay.
Cultivated Landscapes: Chinese Paintings from the Collection of Marie-Hélène and Guy Weill, ancient chinese art essay. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, See on MetPublications. How to Read Chinese Paintings.
Along the Riverbank: Chinese Painting from the C. Wang Family Collection. Silbergeld, Jerome. Chinese Painting Style: Media, Methods, and Principles of Form.
Seattle: University ancient chinese art essay Washington Press, Visiting The Met? Heilbrunn Ancient chinese art essay of Art History Essays Chinese Painting.
Night-Shining White Han Gan. Summer Mountains Attributed to Qu Ding. Finches and bamboo Emperor Huizong. The Classic of Filial Piety Li Gonglin. Orchids Ma Lin. Narcissus Zhao Mengjian. Poet strolling by a marshy bank Liang Kai. Wang Xizhi watching geese Qian Xuan. Grooms and Horses Zhao Mengfu. Twin Pines, Level Distance Zhao Mengfu.
Four anecdotes from the life of Wang Xizhi Zhao Mengfu.
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, time: 30:56Various Types of Ancient Chinese Paintings in Different Dynasties - Words | Essay Example
The Chinese way of appreciating a painting is often expressed by the words du hua, “to read a painting.”How does one do that? Consider Night-Shining White by Han Gan (), an image of a blogger.comally little more than a foot square, it is now mounted as a handscroll that is twenty feet long as a result of the myriad inscriptions and seals (marks of ownership) that have been added over the Ancient Chinese Art – Essay Sample Through out the ancient Chinese history which is divided into periods by technology and the ruling dynasties, the Chinese have developed an extremely diverse collection of art work; art work from this region predating the era when history writing began has been found by archeologists The art of Ancient China represents the most unique and beautiful works of the world. Porcelain, bronze, jade, and nephrite are four of the many things that form components of Ancient Chinese art. The quality of Ancient Chinese art was very good, as a seven thousand year old pottery jar, shown in the exhibit was still pieced together in perfect sha Word Count: ; Approx Pages: 2; Grade Level:
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